Glow 70mg (R&D Only)

£86.99

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Description

Glow 70mg (R&D Only)

Introduction to Glow 70mg GHK-CU Copper Peptide

Glow 70mg GHK-CU represents a premium research-grade copper peptide complex designed for qualified laboratories conducting investigations into skin regeneration mechanisms, collagen synthesis pathways, and gene expression modulation. As one of the most extensively studied peptides in regenerative medicine research, GHK-Cu (glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine copper complex) offers researchers a powerful tool for examining tissue remodeling, antioxidant defense systems, and copper-mediated biological processes.

Manufactured under pharmaceutical-grade conditions, our Glow 70mg GHK-CU formulation provides researchers with high-purity material suitable for in vitro studies, gene expression analysis, and mechanistic investigations—exclusively for laboratory research purposes.

Why “Glow” GHK-Cu?

The “Glow” designation reflects GHK-Cu’s extensive research applications in dermatological and cosmetic science:

Decades of published research on skin regeneration mechanisms
Wide use in cosmetic formulations (INCI: Copper Tripeptide-1)
Distinctive natural blue color of the copper complex
Focus on extracellular matrix remodeling and collagen synthesis

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Product Specifications: Glow 70mg GHK-CU

Specification	Details
Product Name	Glow GHK-Cu (Copper Tripeptide-1)
Chemical Name	Glycyl-L-Histidyl-L-Lysine Copper Complex
Peptide Sequence	Gly-His-Lys (Cu²⁺)
Molecular Formula	C₁₄H₂₃CuN₆O₄
Molecular Weight	401.91 g/mol
CAS Number	89030-95-5
PubChem CID	73587
Strength per Vial	70mg GHK-Cu complex
Grade Classification	Research Use Only (RUO) / Cosmetic Research Grade
Form	Lyophilized peptide powder (distinctive blue color)
Purity Level	≥98% (HPLC verified, COA provided per batch)
Intended Application	In vitro research & cosmetic formulation development only – NOT for human injection or therapeutic use
Storage Conditions	-20°C to -80°C (lyophilized form); 2-8°C after reconstitution
Appearance (Solution)	Blue-colored solution (characteristic of Cu²⁺ complex)

Each batch undergoes comprehensive quality control including HPLC purity verification, mass spectrometry for molecular weight confirmation, copper content analysis, and sterility testing to ensure researchers receive pharmaceutical-grade materials for reliable experimental outcomes.

Understanding GHK-Cu: The Copper Peptide Complex

Discovery & Natural Occurrence

GHK-Cu was first isolated in 1973 by Dr. Loren Pickart from human plasma albumin. This naturally occurring tripeptide demonstrates a remarkably high affinity for copper(II) ions, forming a stable copper complex with a distinctive blue color and exceptional biological activity.

Natural Occurrence in Human Biology

Plasma Concentration: ~200 ng/mL (10⁻⁷ M) at age 20
Age-Related Decline: Drops to ~80 ng/mL by age 60
Distribution: Found in plasma, saliva, and urine
Endogenous Release: Released from tissue proteins (especially collagen and SPARC glycoprotein) following injury
Biological Role: Functions as an emergency response molecule and copper carrier

The GHK Sequence in Nature

The GHK tripeptide sequence is naturally present in the alpha-2(I) chain of Type I collagen and can be liberated by proteases at wound sites. The glycoprotein SPARC (Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine), always present at tissue remodeling sites, releases GHK-Cu upon proteolytic breakdown.

Mechanism of Action: Multi-Pathway Modulation

GHK-Cu operates through several interconnected mechanisms, making it one of the most pleiotropic peptides in regenerative research:

1. Gene Expression Modulation

Landmark research using the Broad Institute’s Connectivity Map revealed that GHK influences gene expression on a massive scale:

Scope: Modulates expression of 31.2% of human genes (at ≥50% change threshold)
Direction: Upregulates 59% of affected genes, suppresses 41%
Pathways: Affects genes involved in tissue repair, inflammation, oxidative stress, cell proliferation, and apoptosis
Gene Categories: Resets gene expression patterns to resemble younger, healthier tissue

2. Copper Chelation & Delivery

The copper complex structure provides unique biological advantages:

Stability Constant: Log₁₀ = 16.44 (extremely high affinity for Cu²⁺)
Coordination Structure: Cu²⁺ coordinated by histidine imidazole nitrogen, glycine alpha-amino nitrogen, and deprotonated amide nitrogen
Copper Delivery: Modulates cellular copper uptake and bioavailability
Enzymatic Cofactor: Copper serves as cofactor for lysyl oxidase and lysyl hydroxylase (essential for collagen cross-linking)

3. Extracellular Matrix (ECM) Remodeling

Collagen Synthesis: Increases Type I and Type III collagen production (up to 70% increase in laboratory studies)
Elastin Production: Stimulates elastin synthesis for tissue flexibility
Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) Synthesis: Enhances production of structural polysaccharides
Decorin Stimulation: Increases decorin (proteoglycan regulating collagen synthesis and organization)
Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs): Stimulates MMP-1 and MMP-2 for controlled matrix remodeling
TIMPs: Increases Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases (TIMP-1) for balanced turnover

4. Growth Factor Stimulation

GHK-Cu promotes release of multiple growth factors critical for tissue regeneration:

VEGF (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor): Promotes angiogenesis and blood vessel formation
BDNF (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor): Supports neuronal survival and regeneration
BMP-2 (Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2): Involved in bone and cartilage formation
TGF-β Modulation: Influences transforming growth factor beta signaling

5. Antioxidant & Anti-Inflammatory Actions

Free Radical Scavenging: Quenches reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation products
4-HNE Neutralization: Quenches 4-hydroxy-trans-2-nonenal (toxic lipid peroxidation product)
Acrolein Quenching: Neutralizes acrolein (age-related toxic aldehyde)
Iron Regulation: Inhibits ferritin iron release in damaged tissues
Cytokine Modulation: Reduces pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α)

6. Cellular Processes Enhanced

Fibroblast Proliferation: Increases fibroblast activity and migration
Keratinocyte Migration: Enhances re-epithelialization
Endothelial Cell Growth: Supports blood vessel formation
Immune Cell Recruitment: Attracts immune cells to injury sites
Stem Cell Function: May help restore replicative vitality to aged cells

Research Context: In Vitro vs. In Vivo vs. Clinical

Important distinctions for researchers:

In Vitro Data: Extensive cell culture studies (fibroblasts, keratinocytes, endothelial cells)
Animal Models: Demonstrated wound healing, tissue repair in rats, rabbits, mice
Human Topical Studies: Multiple small clinical trials showing cosmetic benefits (skin thickness, wrinkles, firmness)
Injectable Data: Very limited human data; FDA has raised safety concerns for injectable forms
Long-Term Safety: Decades of cosmetic use without major issues; injectable safety profile less established

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Glow 70mg (R&D Only)

Glow 70mg (R&D Only)